Spend some time playing with this animated chart. First thing to do is click on the "Department Totals" tab to separate it into something useful.

Green is an increase. Red a decrease. Intensity of color indicates degree.

The N.I.H. is the small gray circle under Health and Human Services. Gray means there's no increase or decrease. This is Obama's proposed budget for 2013, not Congress's.

Click on the other tabs too, like the one that splits it into mandatory and discretionary spending.

This chart is similar, although less detailed, but it includes history. Click on a square to see what spending in a category has done over time.

And that's where the money goes.

(Sorry I don't have anything more recent than 2013.)