It's probably just a bubble of charged gas/plasma. The image isn't consistent with a Dyson Sphere, or other potential astroengineered megaobjects, there's little evidence of space-time warping/gravitational lensing, according to what I looked up, and only stars have the energy to put out a signal like this - nothing artificial could easily cause these patterns. The speed of light is also terribly slow when it comes to interstellar communication, so the crop circle theory is out, too.

My money is on the aforementioned charged bubbles. Looking at the upper & lower right ones, you can see that the whole area around the star is shaded, consistent with a spherical shape. What differentiates this from a potential Dyson Sphere is the irregularity in the observed structure, and the emitted radio waves. The only source material in my (admittedly limited) knowledge of matter that emits EM radiation on the Radio wavelength is excited matter, due to either heat, gravity, or energetic charging by nearby material. I think what might be happening is that the bubbles are either a newly-observed type of nova remnant, still cooling off as it dissipates, or less likely, that they're nearby gas clouds being infused with additional energy by their host star, either through emitted light and heat, or the star's magnetic field.

Personally, I'm keeping an eye out for new papers on the subject. Thanks for bringing it up!