Another feature of the image that caught my eye is the clouds. They seem to be close to the ground, and they're associated with clusters of smaller and intertwined dustdevil tracks. It says something about the local microclimate, but I'm not sure what.

More speculative: Some of the clouds, like the smaller clusters in the middle left, seem to have a finely detailed vertical linear structure. They seem to "emanate" from the ground, like clusters of geysers. Yeah, I realize how far out on a limb I'm going. A shadow analysis would be useful to provide an indication of height.

Another intriguing aspect is the association of lighter irregularly-textured material with the head of the distinct gullies top-center. Coincidence?