The Nilosyrtis Mensae area of Mars shows many signs of water, both in the past and possibly now. There might be active springs and glaciers in this area.

The Nilosyrtis Mensae area of Mars has been a great interest of study for me for the last 5 years when I came across this picture;

(Taken from here
http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/ab1_m04/images/M0304128.html)

Look about midway down the picture and you will see what look like channels coming out of several craters.

To the south is some high lands. Any ground water would flow down into these lowlands. If such groundwater existed, it could come up in springs, where craters have punctured the surface.

Is the white material in the craters light dust, or ice?

Those channels are very puzzling.

You can also barley make out one of these channels coming out of the large crater about halfway down this picture;

(Taken from here
http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/ab1_m04/images/M0402905.html)

Shortly after I made this discovery, I informed Malin Space Science Systems. I requested that they study this area some more and was surprised to see them do this;

http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/e07_e12/mc13.html
and here
http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/m19_m23/mc13.html

Other evidence of Water

If you look toward the bottom of this picture;

(Taken from here
http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/e07_e12/images/E10/E1004556.html)

You’ll notice what looks like a layered shoreline. Many pictures from this area show a layered like shoreline.

This one has a nice peninsula and possible some ice filled craters.

(taken from here
http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/e19_r02/images/E22/E2201147.html)

About 2/3 down this picture, and in the center, there are two channel like featers coming off a hill;

I find it interesting because I don’t see any other channels like it in the picture.

Glaciers on Mars?

Directly to the north is an area that resembles glacier activity and maybe even active glaciers

In the wide area photo, look at the lower left hand corner, and you will see two bowl like features;
http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/e13_e18/images/E17/E1701609.html

On Earth, such features are scoop out by glacier (Skiers love them. I think they are called Circs).

Many pictures of this area show what look like lateral moraines in a flowing glacier.

and at the bottom of this one;

(Taken from here
http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/ab1_m04/images/M0306958.html

How would spring water react when exposed to Mars current environment?

It depends somewhat on the area of Mars we are talking about. In the Hellas Basin, on a warm summer day, water could exist for a long time.

But for most of Mars, here is what I think would happen.

Some of it would boil and evaporate in the thin dry Mars air and some would freeze(and evaporate later). But if the water source was large enough for the spring to stay active awhile, it would overfill the spring and flow, cutting channels as it goes. A layer of ice would form over the channel, slowing the evaporation of the water.

Once the water source was deplenished, the water would stop flowing ice covering the channel would evaporate, leaving dry channels.