Neutrinos for geophysics
A physicist in the US has proposed using a beam of neutrinos to measure the density of the Earth's core. Walter Winter of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton says that neutrinos could provide information about the Earth that is not available with other techniques (arXiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0502097). Although measurements of the seismic waves produced by earthquakes can be used to reconstruct a profile of the Earth's interior, they provide only indirect information.
http://physicsweb.org/articles/news/9/2/9
Not quite at Star Trek yet. Maybe when we're probing things with the ever-present anti-tachyon beam. ;)