re: Ground-Penetrating Radar Finds Water on Mars
Its all to do with the dielectric constant of the materials. Dry rocks and ice are around 1- 4 whereas water is around 80. So along as the ground is dry you'll get good penetration but if things get wet (eg earth) penetration depths get much smaller. Hence on earth to look deeper for oil, etc, we use seismic waves but on Mars GPR works well.
