The surface of the Earth is about 511 million square kilometers and 360 million square kilometer is ocean.
Within the Tropic of Capricorn and Cancer the Earth's surface area is about 200 million square kilometers, this is called the tropic region, the lines of latitude of
Tropic of Capricorn and Tropic of Cancer are at 23 1/2 degrees mark it's northern and southern boundary.
This leaves about 150 million square kilometers north of tropic of Cancer and 150 million square kilometer south of tropic of Capricorn.

Such countries as Canada, Europe, Russia and most of China and USA, are north of the tropic of Cancer. [i.e. Hong Hong and Hawaii are within the tropics] more than 1/2 of Earth's land masses are in the northern hemisphere above the 23 1/2 latitude. Most of the earth's region south of tropic of Capricorn is ocean and most of the tropics is ocean.

The tropics and temperate regions comprise most of the surface of the Earth. The polar regions are within the Arctic and Antarctic circle. These lines of latitude are 23 1/2 degree from their pole. In this region during middle of their summer there is no nighttime, the sun does not set in the west or rise in the east, but circles the horizon.The area of each circle is about 21 million square kilometers, so both arctic regions are 42 million square kilometers- less than 1/6th of temperate regions and less than 1/11th of entire surface area of the Earth. With Antarctic continent having about 14 million square kilometers- it is an unique region in which 2/3rd of the surface area is not ocean.

At the equator at noon the Sun is always within 23 1/2 degrees of 90 degrees. Mid summer at Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn the Sun at noon reaches 90 degrees overhead. And at mid winter goes as low as 47 degrees away from directly overhead [or 43 degrees above the horizon].
At arctic or Antarctic circle in Mid summer the sun reaches at noon 43 degrees away from directly overhead [47 degree above horizon]. And in regards to arctic circle, starting at the spring Equinox [about March 20] until the fall Equinox
[about September 23] daylight is longer than 12 hours with angle of sun at noon at least being 23 1/2 degree above the horizon. Conversely, after the fall Equinox and before the spring Equinox the sun is always below 23 1/2
degrees from the horizon.
At the north or south pole one do not have nite and days, instead "your day" starts and ends at the Equinoxes. At the poles, in springtime the sun remains low at the horizon and by mid summer rises as much as 23 1/2 above the horizon and falls below the horizon at fall's Equinox.
And if Earth did not have a tilt in it's axis, the poles would in constant daylight and, of course, their would be no seasons.

In terms of global climatic, the significant of have a land mass occupying most of the southern polar region instead of having that area having mostly ocean is very important. And having southern temperate region and the tropic region
mostly ocean area is also very important.