But it is not operating on a chemical substrate like the insects'. Our ENS is called "culture" and is communicated by language. It has several advantages over the insect model, as befits our superior physiological sophistication.

1) We can override it, or amend it, either as individuals or collectively, by mutual consent or through conflict.

2) We can maintain several alternative versions of it running in isolated communities, allowing both comparison, and hybridization.

3) Because of 1) and 2) cultures can compete and combine, they can also evolve. Cultures undergo natural selection to adapt to changing social conditions. They arise, die, reproduce and evolve, so by definition, they are alive.

Natural selection need not be restricted to life-forms. All complex structures are capable of growth and self-correction through interaction with their environment. As long as a supply of energy is available, the blind chance laws of evolution allow them to adapt and grow.