"Corporate Average Fuel Economy" is flawed from the outset. The reality is that the hog cars are driven MORE than smaller cars. The reality is that the mileage standards do not, even approximately, measure vehicle fuel usage. Running a car on a test stand is no substitute for running it on the road in real traffic. Idiotic EPA mileage tests tend to overrate the fuel use of smaller cars and underrate fuel use in larger cars. (Perhaps this might be due to graft.)

Realistic tests are run under realistic conditions. Average fuel economy is meaningless. Only MINIMUM mileage standards can be reasonably effective.

David F Mayer