The stories of isolated Japanese units in the Pacific unaware that the war was over are legendary. I wanted to be rigorous, as I assume RAND did, and account only for Allied deaths which were a direct consequence of the occupation.

Tom mentions deaths by misadventure, including tangling with criminals. I recall reading a narrative he linked a while back about postwar Germany, and it mentioned that there were a few suspicious deaths of Americans, such as one serviceman found floating in a river, which were presumed the result of criminal rather than guerilla activity. I think there were also "civil" incidents, for example Americans killed by the jealous boyfriends of German women. Both kinds of casualties seem to me also a consequence of occupation, as the occupiers mingle with the civilian population, so perhaps they should be counted, albeit in a separate category from combat. I think that similar incidents will inevitably occur in Iraq due to human nature.