I don't know the numbers on windmills, but I know lighthouses kill many birds. Under some weather conditions, some species get disoriented and fly right into the lights. It's really impossible to do anything without having some impact on the environment. I think the best we can do is to cut back on the most destructive activities and encourage the most benign ones. But zero impact is just not a realistic goal. OTOH, to do absolutely nothing to try to mitigate the damage as much as possible is criminally irresponsible.

It appears as in most of these environmental controversies, one side is dominated by bottomless greed, the other by doctrinaire fanaticism. We can have our cake and eat it too if we just learn to settle for a reasonable compromise and not insist on perfection.