Apology accepted. The definition of a "study":
A "study" is what takes place before a "request for proposals".
Mr. Vancil, to give you some understanding of the end of manned Mars flight by 1972, following on the return of the Mariner images of Mars, you may want to give the following article a very good reading:
http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewnews.html?id=869
EP
