De Winne went to the Soyuz descent vehicle (dockted below the station), shut the hatch and turned all lights of and after several minutes, while in the Earth's shadow, could see the stars (but the window is not big and not very clean).
When an astronaut is outside, he's not suppposed to waste his time gazing at the stars...But sometimes, if he's anchored to the Canadarm, and traveling some distance (waiting to get from one side to the other), and he happens to face space while in the Earth's shadow, then he can see stars and a 3D Milky Way. I heard Mario Runco describe his experience (before the ISS era): stars appear closer or further away from each other and after blinking his eyes, he'd be puzzled to notice their relative distances would change.
Off Topic » in reply to It should make no difference.
In the Soyuz or outside