Current Events — HabitableZone

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Gems are Minerals

Sorry Lee, but I'm being picky here. There are a few exceptions: pearls are organic, and not typically considered a mineral; and opal is basically a colloid of quartz spheres so it does not have a crystaline structure.

Rubys are just nice clean garnets and emeralds are just pretty beryl crystals. Garnets have some industrial applications due to their hardness, but have been replaced by synthetic minerals. Beryl is a source of Beryllium, 'natch, but its unusual crystal structure allows space for all sorts of other elements, especially the bigger ones like the Rare Earth Elements. The USGS study did not include REE's, which are becoming more and more statigically important, and as Jody pointed out some time ago, China controlls more than 90% of REE deposits.

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