And as far as literacy goes
of course the literacy rates in these "countries" are low. most of the tribes in Africa don't have a written language. For the most part they are stone age level societies. Like Robinson Crusoe it's as primitive as can be. Many of these people haven't even developed the wheel, copper smelting, or clothing, and now we expect to magically transport them into the 21st century? It's kinda like expecting a 5 year old be the head of a fortune 500 company. Why don't we just let children be children and let them run around naked until they discover for themselves that they are in need of clothing. There's no need for us to play the part of the serpent, let them come to the tree of knowledge on their own and when they are ready.