re: Languages
There was once a report (I believe on the BBC) pointing out how language changed when populations move....
What also is the case is that languages evolve with current technologies. For instance, when I hear hebrew, once in a while I hear many familiar modern words like numbers, PC, computer, dentist...(created long after the initial language lost its influence.
For modern languages, new words are the same except when like in Quebec, words replace ones in english (like e-mail becoming courriel).
Dutch has changed enormously since last century (becoming more phonetic ) while french has changed very little since Molière.
Descartes is a little hard to read, not Molière!